电子海图显示与信息系统的国际标准   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

白亭颖 《海洋测绘》2004,24(2):67-70

介绍了电子海图显示与信息系统(ECDIS)标准发展状况，包括ECDIS的性能标准、数据模型与显示标准，测试数据集等。  相似文献   

Shell growth of sea scallops (Placopecten magellanicus) in the southern and northern Great South Channel, USA     

Harris  Bradley P.; Stokesbury  Kevin D.E. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(5):811-821

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Effects of current exposure on habitat preference of mobile 0-group epibenthos for intertidal seagrass beds (Zostera noltii) in the northern Wadden Sea     

Patrick Polte  Anja Schanz  Harald Asmus 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2005,62(4):627-635

In the northern Wadden Sea, the extent of intertidal seagrass beds, their plant biomass and shoot density highly depends on local current regimes. This study deals with the role of intertidal Zostera noltii beds as nursery for mobile epibenthic macrofauna and the impact of seagrass bed characteristics on their abundance and distribution patterns. According to their exposure to the main tidal gullies, sampling sites were separated into exposed, semi-exposed and sheltered. Dominant species of crustaceans and demersal fish were studied in respect of their abundances within seagrass beds and adjacent unvegetated areas. Quantitative sampling was performed at day and night high tide using a portable drop trap. In general, species composition varied little between seagrass beds and bare sand. However, the presence of vegetation had a quantitative effect increasing individual numbers of common epifaunal species. Abundances of 0-group shore crabs (Carcinus maenas), common gobies (Pomatoschistus microps) and brown shrimps (Crangon crangon) were highest within sheltered seagrass beds. With decreasing plant density habitat preference of epibenthos changed on species level. By regulating the habitat complexity the currents regime is profoundly influencing the nursery function of intertidal seagrass beds in the Wadden Sea.  相似文献   

柱前衍生-RP-HPLC方法测定水产品中生物胺   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李志军  薛长湖  封锦芳  周蕊  周雪飞  吴永宁  赵云峰 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(3):427-431

建立同时测定水产品中多种生物胺的丹磺酰氯柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱方法。用5%TCA提取样品中生物胺,正己烷脱脂,正丁醇/氯仿(1/1,v/v)萃取,以1,7二胺庚烷为内标,丹磺酰氯为衍生剂衍生后,采用CAPCELL PAK C18MG(4.6 mm I.D.×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇/水为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,流速1.5 mL/min。荧光检测器的激发波长(Ex)350 nm,发射波长(Em)520 nm。结果显示:色胺、苯乙胺、腐胺、尸胺、组胺、酪胺、精胺和亚精胺等8种生物胺在30 min内完全分离。在给定的浓度范围内,待测生物胺峰面积与内标峰面积之比同其相应浓度呈良好的线性相关(r>0.99)。仪器重复性良好(RSD<1.34%),方法重复性也在可接收范围内(RSD<10%)。除色胺(57.7%)外,其它7种生物胺的样品平均回收率均在94.2%~110.3%之间。结果表明生物胺的HPLC检测方法,分离度好,灵敏度高,可快捷、准确地对水产品中生物胺进行定性和定量检测。  相似文献   

围填海对伶仃洋水流动力的短期影响模拟研究     

刘晋涛  胡嘉镗  李适宇  许永基  徐闯 《海洋通报》2020,39(2):178-190

利用已经过验证的高分辨率三维海洋动力模型FVCOM,根据1984—2014年内伶仃洋的围填海变化情况,结合情景模拟案例,研究分析围填海对伶仃洋水流动力的影响,探究截流式和顺流式围填海对伶仃洋不同季节的水平余流场、垂向环流结构以及潮汐变化过程的影响。研究结果表明,围填海对伶仃洋的余流流向没有明显影响,但对余流速有较大的影响。在水平方向上,截流式围填海使得周边海域的余流速明显增大,增幅在0.02～0.25 m/s不等,其中口门区域受到的影响最大;相较于底层流场,表层流场受围填海的影响相对更大,围填海以南的较远海域在表层出现一条强度逐渐减弱的流速减小带,减幅在0.02～0.15 m/s不等,且影响范围与流场的分布密切相关,在夏季向南延伸,在冬季向西南延伸。顺流式围填海的影响则主要分布在伶仃洋两侧沿岸,并且不同季节的影响特点有一定区别,在夏季使得内伶仃洋东岸海域流速增大,但在冬季使其流速减小,变化幅度均在0.02 m/s以上。在垂直方向上,围填海使口门区域余流的纵向流速梯度增加,并且改变了伶仃洋余流的垂向分布情况,总体表现为远离围填海的海域表、底层余流的流速减小,中上层余流的流速增大;与此同时,围填海大幅度改变了周边海域的横向流速,并且在伶仃水道、矾石水道等区域产生了新的横向环流。围填海使得河口至围填海的余水位明显上升,使得伶仃洋海域的余水位下降,余水位梯度的增大是围填海周边余流速增大的主要原因。另外,围填海影响了伶仃洋的潮汐变化过程。在大潮期间,围填海改变了伶仃洋海域涨落潮时的潮流流速,使得周边海域落急流速增加,较远海域落急流速减小,而涨急流速都减小;同时,围填海使得海域涨落潮时的潮位受到一定影响。围填海最终使得伶仃洋的潮汐相位提前了20～35 min。  相似文献   

Model complexity and performance: How far can we simplify?     

C. Raick  K. Soetaert 《Progress in Oceanography》2006,70(1):27-57

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低速潜器水动力试验及操纵运动预报     

刘天威  严乃长  钱蒙洲 《海洋工程》1996,(4)

本文用平面运动机构测定了作用在低速潜器上的水动力，并用富里埃级数来表达大攻角范围时的水动力。在此基础上，用计算机进行模拟计算，预报了低速潜器的部分操纵性能  相似文献   

Numerical and Experimental Research on the Global Performances of Cell-Truss Spar Platform   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张帆  杨建民  李润培  陈刚 《中国海洋工程》2007,21(4):561-576

Spar technology has been applied to the deep-sea oil and gas exploitation for several years.From the first generation of classic spar,the spar platform has developed into the second generation of truss spar and the latest cell spar.Owing to its favorable adaptability to wide range of water depth and benign motion performances,spar has aroused quite a lot of interests from oil companies,universities and research institutes.In the present paper,a new cell-truss spar concept,put forward by the State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering(SKLOE)at Shanghai Jiao Tong University,is studied both numerically and experimentally.The numerical simulation was conducted by means of nonlinear time-domain fully coupled analysis,and its results were compared to the experimental data.Whereafter,detailed analysis was carried out to obtain the global performances of the new spar concept.Proposals for the improvement of numerical calculation and experimental technique were tabled meanwhile.  相似文献   

Intercalibration of benthic flux chambers I. Accuracy of flux measurements and influence of chamber hydrodynamics   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

A. Tengberg  H. Stahl  V. Müller  H. Andersson 《Progress in Oceanography》2004,60(1):1-28

The hydrodynamic properties and the capability to measure sediment-water solute fluxes, at assumed steady state conditions, were compared for three radically different benthic chamber designs: the “Microcosm”, the “Mississippi” and the “Göteborg” chambers. The hydrodynamic properties were characterized by mounting a PVC bottom in each chamber and measuring mixing time, diffusive boundary layer thickness (DBL thickness) shear velocity (u∗), and total pressure created by the water mixing. The Microcosm had the most even distribution of DBL thickness and u∗, but the highest differential pressure at high water mixing rates. The Mississippi chamber had low differential pressures at high u∗. The Göteborg chamber was in between the two others regarding these properties. DBL thickness and u∗ were found to correlate according to the following empirical formula: DBL=76.18(u∗)−0.933. Multiple flux incubations with replicates of each of the chamber types were carried out on homogenized, macrofauna-free sediments in four tanks. The degree of homogeneity was determined by calculating solute fluxes (of oxygen, silicate, phosphate and ammonium) from porewater profiles and by sampling for porosity, organic carbon and meiofauna. All these results, except meiofauna, indicated that there were no significant horizontal variations within the sediment in any of the parallel incubation experiments. The statistical evaluations also suggested that the occasional variations in meiofauna abundance did not have any influence on the measured solute fluxes. Forty-three microelectrode profiles of oxygen in the DBL and porewater were evaluated with four different procedures to calculate diffusive fluxes. The procedure presented by Berg, Risgaard-Petersen and Rysgaard, 1989 [Limnol. Oceanogr. 43, 1500] was found to be superior because of its ability to fit measured profiles accurately, and because it takes into consideration vertical zonation with different oxygen consumption rates in the sediment. During the flux incubations, the mixing in the chambers was replicated ranging from slow mixing to just noticeable sediment resuspension. In the “hydrodynamic characterizations” these mixing rates corresponded to average DBL thickness from 120 to 550 μm, to u∗ from 0.12 to 0.68 cm/s, and to differential pressures from 0-3 Pa. Although not directly transferable, since the incubations were done on a “real” sediment with a rougher surface while in the characterizations a PVC plate simulated the sediments surface, these data give ideas about the prevailing hydrodynamic condition in the chambers during the incubations. The variations in water mixing did not generate statistically significant differences between the chamber types for any of the measured fluxes of oxygen or nutrients. Consequently it can be concluded that, for these non-permeable sediments and so long as appropriate water mixing (within the ranges given above) is maintained, the type of stirring mechanism and chamber design used were not critical for the magnitude of the measured fluxes. The average measured oxygen flux was 11.2 ± 2.7 (from 40 incubations), while the diffusive flux calculated (from 43 profiles using the Berg et al., 1989 [Limnol. Oceanogr. 43, 1500] procedure) was 11.1 ± 3.0 mmol m⁻² day⁻¹. This strongly suggests that accurate oxygen flux measurements were obtained with the three types of benthic chambers used and that the oxygen uptake is diffusive.  相似文献   

An alternating direction implicit (ADI) numerical model for two-dimensional hydrodynamic equations     

Pan Hai  Fang Guohong 《海洋学报(英文版)》1995,14(1):1-13

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